What is the purpose of an excavator's counterweight?

The purpose of an excavator's counterweight is to stabilize the machine and prevent tipping. When an excavator is in operation, particularly during heavy digging, lifting, or swinging movements, the forces acting on the machine can create an imbalance. The counterweight, typically located at the rear of the excavator, helps to counteract these forces by providing additional mass at a point away from the center of gravity, ensuring that the machine maintains stability. This is crucial for operator safety and for the effective performance of the excavator. Without an adequate counterweight, the machine may tip over, especially when the boom is extended, leading to dangerous situations.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of the counterweight. For instance, it does not directly increase digging depth, lift heavier loads, or reduce hydraulic fluid consumption, as these functions are associated with different aspects of the excavator's design and operation.